ContinuousCaptureDirectX.cpp

The ContinuousCaptureDirectX program is a simple example for a continuous acquisition. However, this sample, contrary to the other ContinuousCapture.cpp samples, uses DirectDraw - a part of Microsoft's DirectX API - for displaying the sample including the full screen mode.

Note

This example will be available on Windows® only.

See also

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectDraw

In order to compile this example you need to have either a version of the Windows® SDK or the deprecated DirectDraw SDK installed as the example needs some headers and libraries(e.g. ddraw.h and ddraw.lib) that are not shipped with the default headers and libraries of e.g. Visual Studio. The example uses and environment variable DXSDK_DIR that you need to set before starting your IDE to compile the example application. The environment variable must point to the top-level directory of the SDK containing the DirectDraw related files. If the variable is not set up correctly you may encounter the following errors:

At compile time:

fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'ddraw.h': No such file or directory

At link time:

LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'ddraw.lib'

Program location

The source file ContinuousCaptureDirectX.cpp can be found under:

%INSTALLDIR%\apps\ContinuousCaptureDirectX\

Note

If you have installed the package without example applications, this file will not be available. On Windows® the sample application can be installed or removed from the target system at any time by simply restarting the installation package.

ContinuousCaptureDirectX example:

1. Opens a Balluff device.
2. Snaps images continuously and uses DirectDraw for displaying.

Console Output

F1: Switch to the next device.
F2: Start/stop live capture from the current device.
F3: Switch on/off on screen help.
F4: Switch on/off on screen information about the images.
F5: Switch to the next channel of the device.
F9: Switch on/off automatic change of the capturing device (ms)
+(Numpad): Increase the period for the automatic change of the capturing device (ms)
-(Numpad): Decrease the period for the automatic change of the capturing device (ms)

How it works

After executing, the sample will start in full screen mode with black background and a live image from the current device. On the top left corner you can see the possibilities you have with this sample including the function and numpad keys:

• F1: Switch to the next device.
• F2: Start/stop live capture from the current device.
• F3: Switch on/off on screen help.
• F4: Switch on/off on screen information about the images.
• F5: Switch to the next channel of the device.
• F9: Switch on/off automatic change of the capturing device (ms)
• +(Numpad): Increase the period for the automatic change of the capturing device (ms)
• -(Numpad): Decrease the period for the automatic change of the capturing device (ms)

With the ESC key you can end the sample.

The sample uses the class MyCaptureDisplay and several functions.

The MyCaptureDisplay class itself has a single public member function, that takes a pointer to a captured image as an input parameter:

• SetImage

several internal(private) member functions handle the access to the DirectX related structures and the actual image display as well. To find code that can be integrated into a custom application have a look at these internal functions:

• CreateEmptyDIB
  To create an empty BMP file (DIB = device-independent bitmap).
• DDCopyImage
  To create the full screen window showing the live image and the possible user interaction.
• RestoreAll
  To restore the DirectDraw primary surface, Off-screen surface 1 and 2, if the surface is lost (error).
• FreeDIB
  To free the DIB, if the sample was ended.
• UpdateFrame
  To update the frame. This function calls DDCopyImage.

The "main" function WinMain of the sample gets and opens all available devices. Furthermore, it defines an object of MyCaptureDisplay class and initializes the application with the function InitApp.

InitApp creates the Direct Draw object using the function DDCreateSurface, which does:

• set up and register window class (including a call of the function WindowProc, which sets up the user event handling like selecting the device),
• create a window,
• create the main DirectDraw object,
• get exclusive mode (this will switch into the full screen mode),
• set the video mode,
• create the primary surface with 1 back buffer,
• get a pointer to the back buffer,
• create a off-screen bitmap.

If a part of the initialization returns with an error, the function InitFail will be called, which will release all objects (ReleaseAllObjects) and will display a dialog box with an error message.

Source code

//
// @description: Example applications for Impact Acquire
// @copyright: Copyright (C) 2010 - 2023 Balluff GmbH
// @authors: APIs and drivers development team at Balluff GmbH
// @initial date: 2010-03-16
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,i
// WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER // is Microsoft compiler?
#   if _MSC_VER < 1300  // is 'old' VC 6 compiler?
#       pragma warning( disable : 4786 ) // 'identifier was truncated to '255' characters in the debug information'
#   endif // #if _MSC_VER < 1300
#endif // #ifdef _MSC_VER
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#   define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Include files
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <windows.h>
#include <ddraw.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "resource.h"
#include <apps/Common/exampleHelper.h>
#include "CaptureParameters.h"
 
using namespace std;
using namespace mvIMPACT::acquire;
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Local definitions
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define NAME                          "ContinuousCaptureDirectX"
#define TITLE                         PRODUCT_NAME " Direct Draw Example"
#define TIMER_ID                      1
#define TIMER_RATE                    1000
#define TIMER_ID_DEVICE_AUTO_SWITCH   2
 
typedef std::vector<CaptureParameters*> CaptureParamContainer;
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Global data
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECTDRAW7                    g_pDD = NULL;        // DirectDraw object
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7             g_pDDSPrimary = NULL;// DirectDraw primary surface
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7             g_pDDSBack = NULL;   // DirectDraw back surface
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7             g_pDDSOne = NULL;    // Offscreen surface 1
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7             g_pDDSTwo = NULL;    // Offscreen surface 2
BOOL                             g_bActive = FALSE;   // Is application active?
HWND                             g_hWnd;
CaptureParamContainer            g_paramSets;
CaptureParamContainer::size_type g_currentParamset = 0;
static bool                      g_TextOutOn = false;
static int                       g_wScr = GetSystemMetrics( SM_CXSCREEN );
static int                       g_hScr = GetSystemMetrics( SM_CYSCREEN );
static ImageBufferDesc           g_NullImage( ibpfRGB888Packed, g_wScr, g_hScr );
std::string                      g_info;
static BOOL                      g_bHelpOverlayActive = true;
std::vector<std::string>         g_onScreenHelp;
static BOOL                      g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive = false;
unsigned int                     g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms = 10000;
const unsigned int               g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms = 500;
static BOOL                      g_bShuttingDown = FALSE;
int                              g_fullOffset = 0;
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class MyCaptureDisplay : public CaptureDisplay
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    HBRUSH blackBrush_;
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    long WidthInBytes( int bits )
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {
        return static_cast<long>( ( ( bits ) + 31 ) / 32 * 4 );
    }
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    HANDLE CreateEmptyDIB( int dx, int dy, int bipp,  unsigned char** ppData )
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {
        BOOL boHicolor = ( bipp == 15 || bipp == 16 );
        int bitCount = ( boHicolor ) ? 16 : bipp;
 
        // get length of DIB in bytes for use when reading
        unsigned int colors = 0;
        unsigned int HeadSize = sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER );
        if( bipp <= 8 )
        {
            colors = 1 << bipp;
        }
        else if( boHicolor )
        {
            colors = 3 * sizeof( DWORD );
        }
 
        HeadSize += colors * sizeof( RGBQUAD );
        DWORD DIBsize = HeadSize;
        if( ppData )
        {
            DIBsize += WidthInBytes( dx * bitCount ) * ( long )dy;
        }
 
        // Allocate memory for DIB
        HANDLE hDIB = GlobalAlloc( GMEM_MOVEABLE | GMEM_ZEROINIT, DIBsize );
 
        if( !hDIB )
        {
            return 0;
        }
 
        BITMAPINFOHEADER* pBitmapInfo = ( LPBITMAPINFOHEADER )GlobalLock( hDIB );
 
        if( ppData )
        {
            *ppData = ( ( unsigned char* )pBitmapInfo ) + HeadSize;
        }
 
        // setup DIB parameters
        memset( pBitmapInfo, 0, sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER ) );
        pBitmapInfo->biSize     = sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER ); //  + colors * sizeof( RGBQUAD )
        pBitmapInfo->biWidth    = dx;
        pBitmapInfo->biHeight   = -dy;  // bitmap is vertically ok
        pBitmapInfo->biPlanes   = 1;
        pBitmapInfo->biBitCount = ( unsigned char ) bitCount;
        pBitmapInfo->biCompression = ( boHicolor ) ? BI_BITFIELDS : BI_RGB;
        pBitmapInfo->biSizeImage     = 0;
        pBitmapInfo->biXPelsPerMeter   = 0;
        pBitmapInfo->biYPelsPerMeter   = 0;
 
        // set gray palette
        pBitmapInfo->biClrUsed      = 0;
        pBitmapInfo->biClrImportant = 0; //all are important
        GlobalUnlock( hDIB );
        return hDIB;
    }
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    HRESULT DDCopyImage( IDirectDrawSurface7* pdds, const ImageBuffer* pIB, int /*x*/, int /*y*/, int dx, int dy )
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {
        HDC                     hdcImage;
        HDC                     hdc;
        DDSURFACEDESC2          ddsd;
        HRESULT                 hr;
 
        if( pdds == NULL )
        {
            return E_FAIL;
        }
 
        pdds->Restore();
        hdcImage = CreateCompatibleDC( NULL );
        if( !hdcImage )
        {
            OutputDebugString( "CreateCompatibleDC failed\n" );
        }
        ddsd.dwSize = sizeof( ddsd );
        ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_HEIGHT | DDSD_WIDTH;
        pdds->GetSurfaceDesc( &ddsd );
        if( ( hr = pdds->GetDC( &hdc ) ) == DD_OK )
        {
            HANDLE m_hDIB = CreateEmptyDIB( pIB->iWidth, pIB->iHeight, 24, NULL );
            LPBITMAPINFOHEADER m_lpBMPHdr = reinterpret_cast<LPBITMAPINFOHEADER>( GlobalLock( m_hDIB ) );
            int startX = ( g_wScr > pIB->iWidth ) ? ( g_wScr - pIB->iWidth ) / 2 : 0;
            int startY = ( g_hScr > pIB->iHeight ) ? ( g_hScr - pIB->iHeight ) / 2 : 0;
            if( startY > 0 )
            {
                RECT rect;
                rect.left = 0;
                rect.top = 0;
                rect.right = ( startY > 0 ) ? g_wScr : startX - 1;
                rect.bottom = startY - 1;
                FillRect( hdc, &rect, blackBrush_ );
                rect.top = pIB->iHeight + startY - 1;
                rect.bottom = g_hScr;
                FillRect( hdc, &rect, blackBrush_ );
            }
            if( startX > 0 )
            {
                RECT rect;
                rect.left = 0;
                rect.top = startY;
                rect.right = startX - 1;
                rect.bottom = g_hScr - startY;
                FillRect( hdc, &rect, blackBrush_ );
                rect.left = startX + pIB->iWidth;
                rect.right = g_wScr;
                FillRect( hdc, &rect, blackBrush_ );
            }
            SetDIBitsToDevice( hdc,
                               startX, startY, // destination upper left corner
                               dx, dy,         // source width and height
                               0, 0,           // source LOWER left corner
                               0,              // first scan line in array
                               pIB->iHeight,   // number of scan lines
                               pIB->vpData,
                               reinterpret_cast<LPBITMAPINFO>( m_lpBMPHdr ),
                               DIB_RGB_COLORS ); // RGB or palette indexes
 
            SetBkMode( hdc, TRANSPARENT );
            SetTextColor( hdc, RGB( 0, 255, 0 ) );
            if( g_TextOutOn )
            {
                TextOut( hdc, 0, g_hScr - 20, g_info.c_str(), static_cast<int>( g_info.size() ) );
            }
            if( g_bHelpOverlayActive && ( g_currentParamset < g_paramSets.size() ) )
            {
                g_onScreenHelp.clear();
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "F1: Switch to the next device(Current device: %s(%s, index: %d))", g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->device()->serial.readS().c_str(), g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->device()->product.readS().c_str(), g_currentParamset ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "F2: Start/stop live capture from the current device(Currently %sactive)", g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->isThreadRunning() ? "" : "NOT " ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "F3: Switch on/off on screen help(currently %sactive)", g_bHelpOverlayActive ? "" : "NOT " ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "F4: Switch on/off on screen information about the images(Currently %sactive)", g_TextOutOn ? "" : "NOT " ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "F5: Switch to the next channel of the device(Current channel: %d, supported channels: %d)", g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->currentVideoChannel(), g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->availableVideoChannels() ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "F9: Switch on/off automatic change of the capturing device every %d ms(Currently %sactive)", g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms, g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive ? "" : "NOT " ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "+(Numpad): Increase the period for the automatic change of the capturing device by %d ms", g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms ) );
                g_onScreenHelp.push_back( BuildFormattedString( "-(Numpad): Decrease the period for the automatic change of the capturing device by %d ms", g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms ) );
                const int cnt = static_cast<int>( g_onScreenHelp.size() );
                for( int i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
                {
                    TextOut( hdc, 10, i * 20, g_onScreenHelp[i].c_str(), static_cast<int>( g_onScreenHelp[i].size() ) );
                }
            }
 
            FreeDIB( &m_hDIB, &m_lpBMPHdr );
            pdds->ReleaseDC( hdc );
        }
        DeleteDC( hdcImage );
        return hr;
    }
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void FreeDIB( HANDLE* hDIB, LPBITMAPINFOHEADER* lpDIBHdr )
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {
        if( *hDIB )
        {
            GlobalFree( *hDIB );
            *hDIB = 0;
            *lpDIBHdr = 0;
        }
    }
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    HRESULT RestoreAll( void )
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {
        HRESULT                     hRet;
 
        hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->Restore();
        if( hRet == DD_OK )
        {
            hRet = g_pDDSOne->Restore();
            if( hRet == DD_OK )
            {
                hRet = g_pDDSTwo->Restore();
            }
        }
        return hRet;
    }
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void UpdateFrame( HWND /*hWnd*/, const ImageBuffer* pIB )
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {
        static BYTE                 phase = 0;
        HRESULT                     hRet;
        LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7        pdds;
        RECT                        rect;
 
        rect.left = 0;
        rect.top = 0;
        rect.right = g_wScr;
        rect.bottom = g_hScr;
        if( phase )
        {
            pdds = g_pDDSTwo;
            phase = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            pdds = g_pDDSOne;
            phase = 1;
        }
        bool boRun = true;
        while( boRun )
        {
            DDCopyImage( pdds, pIB, 0, 0, pIB->iWidth, pIB->iHeight );
            hRet = g_pDDSBack->BltFast( 0, 0, pdds, &rect, FALSE );
            if( hRet == DD_OK )
            {
                boRun = false;
                continue;
            }
            if( hRet == DDERR_SURFACELOST )
            {
                hRet = RestoreAll();
                if( hRet != DD_OK )
                {
                    boRun = false;
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if( hRet != DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING )
            {
                boRun = false;
                continue;
            }
        }
    }
public:
    explicit MyCaptureDisplay() : blackBrush_( CreateSolidBrush( RGB( 0, 0, 0 ) ) ) {}
    ~MyCaptureDisplay()
    {
        DeleteObject( blackBrush_ );
    }
    virtual void SetImage( const ImageBuffer* pIB )
    {
        // Update and flip surfaces
        if( g_bActive && !g_bShuttingDown && pIB )
        {
            UpdateFrame( g_hWnd, pIB );
 
            bool boRun = true;
            while( boRun )
            {
                HRESULT hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->Flip( NULL, 0 );
                if( hRet == DD_OK )
                {
                    boRun = false;
                    continue;
                }
                if( hRet == DDERR_SURFACELOST )
                {
                    hRet = RestoreAll();
                    if( hRet != DD_OK )
                    {
                        boRun = false;
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                if( hRet != DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING )
                {
                    boRun = false;
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void RemoveImage( void )
    {
        // nothing to be done here!
    }
};
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
extern "C" IDirectDrawSurface7* DDCreateSurface( IDirectDraw7* pdd, int surfaceWidth, int surfaceHeight )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    DDSURFACEDESC2          ddsd;
    IDirectDrawSurface7*    pdds;
 
    ZeroMemory( &ddsd, sizeof( ddsd ) );
    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof( ddsd );
    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_HEIGHT | DDSD_WIDTH;
    ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN;
    ddsd.dwWidth = surfaceWidth;
    ddsd.dwHeight = surfaceHeight;
    if( pdd->CreateSurface( &ddsd, &pdds, NULL ) != DD_OK )
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    return pdds;
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void ReleaseAllObjects( void )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    if( g_pDD != NULL )
    {
        if( g_pDDSPrimary != NULL )
        {
            g_pDDSPrimary->Release();
            g_pDDSPrimary = NULL;
        }
        if( g_pDDSOne != NULL )
        {
            g_pDDSOne->Release();
            g_pDDSOne = NULL;
        }
        if( g_pDDSTwo != NULL )
        {
            g_pDDSTwo->Release();
            g_pDDSTwo = NULL;
        }
        g_pDD->Release();
        g_pDD = NULL;
    }
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitFail( HWND hWnd, HRESULT hRet, LPCTSTR szError, ... )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    const size_t BUF_SIZE = 128;
    char szBuff[BUF_SIZE];
    va_list vl;
 
    va_start( vl, szError );
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400) // is at least VC 2005 compiler?
    vsprintf_s( szBuff, BUF_SIZE, szError, vl );
#else
    _vsnprintf( szBuff, BUF_SIZE, szError, vl );
#endif // #if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400) // is at least VC 2005 compiler?
    ReleaseAllObjects();
    MessageBox( hWnd, szBuff, TITLE, MB_OK );
    DestroyWindow( hWnd );
    va_end( vl );
    return hRet;
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void Cleanup( CaptureParamContainer& paramSets )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    const CaptureParamContainer::size_type cnt = paramSets.size();
    for( CaptureParamContainer::size_type i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
    {
        delete paramSets[i];
    }
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void ConfigureDeviceAutoSwitchTimer( HWND hWnd, BOOL boShouldBeActive )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    if( g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive )
    {
        KillTimer( hWnd, TIMER_ID_DEVICE_AUTO_SWITCH );
    }
 
    if( boShouldBeActive )
    {
        SetTimer( hWnd, TIMER_ID_DEVICE_AUTO_SWITCH, g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms, NULL );
    }
    g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive = boShouldBeActive;
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SelectDevice( unsigned int index )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    if( g_paramSets.empty() )
    {
        return;
    }
 
    if( index >= g_paramSets.size() )
    {
        DbOutput( "SelectDevice: invalid device selection. Defaulting to 0.\n" );
        index = 0;
    }
 
    if( g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->isThreadRunning() )
    {
        DbOutput( "SelectDevice(%d): De-selecting device %s\n", __LINE__, g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->device()->serial.read().c_str() );
        g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->stopThread();
    }
 
    // clear both display buffers
    if( g_paramSets[index]->getDisplay() )
    {
        g_paramSets[index]->getDisplay()->SetImage( g_NullImage.getBuffer() );
        g_paramSets[index]->getDisplay()->SetImage( g_NullImage.getBuffer() );
    }
 
    if( index < g_paramSets.size() )
    {
        DbOutput( "SelectDevice(%d): Selecting device %s\n", __LINE__, g_paramSets[index]->device()->serial.read().c_str() );
        g_paramSets[index]->startThread();
        g_currentParamset = index;
    }
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SelectNextDevice( void )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    if( g_paramSets.size() > 1 )
    {
        SelectDevice( static_cast<unsigned int>( ( g_currentParamset + 1 ) % g_paramSets.size() ) );
    }
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
long FAR PASCAL WindowProc( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    switch( message )
    {
    case WM_ACTIVATE:
        // Pause if minimized
        g_bActive = !( ( BOOL )HIWORD( wParam ) );
        return 0L;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        // Clean up and close the application
        ReleaseAllObjects();
        PostQuitMessage( 0 );
        return 0L;
    case WM_KEYDOWN:
        // Handle any non-accelerated key commands
        switch( wParam )
        {
        case VK_F1:
            SelectNextDevice();
            return 0L;
        case VK_F2:
            if( g_currentParamset < g_paramSets.size() )
            {
                g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->isThreadRunning() ? g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->stopThread() : g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->startThread();
            }
            return 0L;
        case VK_F3:
            g_bHelpOverlayActive = !g_bHelpOverlayActive;
            return 0L;
        case VK_F4:
            g_TextOutOn = !g_TextOutOn;
            return 0L;
        case VK_F5:
            if( g_currentParamset < g_paramSets.size() )
            {
                g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->selectNextVideoChannel();
            }
            return 0L;
        //case VK_F6:
        //  return 0L;
        //case VK_F7:
        //  return 0L;
        //case VK_F8:
        //  return 0L;
        case VK_F9:
            ConfigureDeviceAutoSwitchTimer( hWnd, !g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive );
            return 0L;
        case VK_ADD:
            if( g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms < ( UINT_MAX - g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms ) )
            {
                g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms += g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms;
                ConfigureDeviceAutoSwitchTimer( hWnd, g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive );
            }
            return 0L;
        case VK_SUBTRACT:
            if( g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms > g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms )
            {
                g_deviceAutoSwitchRate_ms -= g_deviceAutoSwitchRateInc_ms;
                ConfigureDeviceAutoSwitchTimer( hWnd, g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive );
            }
            return 0L;
        case VK_ESCAPE:
            g_bShuttingDown = TRUE;
            KillTimer( hWnd, TIMER_ID );
            if( g_bDeviceAutoSwitchTimerActive )
            {
                KillTimer( hWnd, TIMER_ID_DEVICE_AUTO_SWITCH );
            }
            if( ( g_currentParamset < g_paramSets.size() ) &&
                ( g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->isThreadRunning() ) )
            {
                g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->stopThread();
            }
            PostMessage( hWnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0 );
            return 0L;
        }
        break;
    case WM_SETCURSOR:
        // Turn off the cursor since this is a full-screen application
        SetCursor( NULL );
        return TRUE;
    case WM_TIMER:
        if( g_bActive && !g_bShuttingDown )
        {
            if( TIMER_ID == wParam )
            {
                if( ( g_currentParamset < g_paramSets.size() ) &&
                    ( g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->isThreadRunning() ) )
                {
                    const Statistics& s = g_paramSets[g_currentParamset]->statistics();
                    g_info = BuildFormattedString( "current frame rate: %.2f Hz, overall images captured: %d", s.framesPerSecond.read(), s.frameCount.read() );
                }
                else
                {
                    g_info = string( "" );
                }
            }
            else if( TIMER_ID_DEVICE_AUTO_SWITCH == wParam )
            {
                SelectNextDevice();
            }
        }
        break;
    }
    return static_cast<long>( DefWindowProc( hWnd, message, wParam, lParam ) );
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
static HRESULT InitApp( HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    WNDCLASS                    wc;
    DDSURFACEDESC2              ddsd;
    DDSCAPS2                    ddscaps;
    HRESULT                     hRet;
 
    // Set up and register window class
    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = reinterpret_cast<WNDPROC>( WindowProc );
    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.hIcon = LoadIcon( hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE( IDI_MAIN_ICON ) );
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
    wc.hbrBackground = ( HBRUSH )GetStockObject( BLACK_BRUSH );
    wc.lpszMenuName = NAME;
    wc.lpszClassName = NAME;
    RegisterClass( &wc );
 
    // Create a window
    g_hWnd = CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_TOPMOST,
                             NAME,
                             TITLE,
                             WS_POPUP,
                             0,
                             0,
                             g_wScr,
                             g_hScr,
                             NULL,
                             NULL,
                             hInstance,
                             NULL );
    if( !g_hWnd )
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    ShowWindow( g_hWnd, nCmdShow );
    UpdateWindow( g_hWnd );
    SetFocus( g_hWnd );
 
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Create the main DirectDraw object
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    hRet = DirectDrawCreateEx( NULL, ( VOID** )&g_pDD, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL );
    if( hRet != DD_OK )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "DirectDrawCreateEx FAILED" );
    }
 
    // Get exclusive mode
    hRet = g_pDD->SetCooperativeLevel( g_hWnd, DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_FULLSCREEN );
    if( hRet != DD_OK )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "SetCooperativeLevel FAILED" );
    }
 
    // Set the video mode to g_wScr*g_hScr*32
    hRet = g_pDD->SetDisplayMode( g_wScr, g_hScr, 32, 0, 0 );
    if( hRet != DD_OK )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "SetDisplayMode FAILED" );
    }
 
    // Create the primary surface with 1 back buffer
    ZeroMemory( &ddsd, sizeof( ddsd ) );
    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof( ddsd );
    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT;
    ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE |
                          DDSCAPS_FLIP |
                          DDSCAPS_COMPLEX;
    ddsd.dwBackBufferCount = 1;
    hRet = g_pDD->CreateSurface( &ddsd, &g_pDDSPrimary, NULL );
    if( hRet != DD_OK )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "CreateSurface FAILED" );
    }
 
    // Get a pointer to the back buffer
    ZeroMemory( &ddscaps, sizeof( ddscaps ) );
    ddscaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER;
    hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->GetAttachedSurface( &ddscaps, &g_pDDSBack );
    if( hRet != DD_OK )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "GetAttachedSurface FAILED" );
    }
 
    // Create an offscreen bitmap.
    g_pDDSOne = DDCreateSurface( g_pDD, g_wScr, g_hScr );
    if( g_pDDSOne == NULL )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "Creation of surface 1 failed" );
    }
    g_pDDSTwo = DDCreateSurface( g_pDD, g_wScr, g_hScr );
    if( g_pDDSTwo == NULL )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "Creation of surface 2 failed" );
    }
 
    if( TIMER_ID != SetTimer( g_hWnd, TIMER_ID, TIMER_RATE, NULL ) )
    {
        return InitFail( g_hWnd, hRet, "SetTimer FAILED" );
    }
 
    return DD_OK;
}
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int PASCAL WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE /*hPrevInstance*/, LPSTR /*lpCmdLine*/, int nCmdShow )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
    DeviceManager devMgr;
 
    DbOutput( "This sample is meant for devices that support multiple video channels only. Other devices might be installed\n" );
    DbOutput( "but won't be recognized by the application.\n" );
    DbOutput( "\n" );
 
    vector<Device*> validDevices;
    getValidDevices( devMgr, validDevices );
    if( validDevices.empty() )
    {
        DbOutput( "No valid device detected." );
        return 0;
    }
 
    MyCaptureDisplay resultingImageDisplay;
    const vector<Device*>::size_type devCnt = validDevices.size();
    for( vector<Device*>::size_type i = 0; i < devCnt; i++ )
    {
        DbOutput( "Initialising device %s. This might take some time...\n", validDevices[i]->serial.read().c_str() );
        try
        {
            // if this device offers the 'GenICam' interface switch it on, as this will
            // allow are better control over GenICam compliant devices
            conditionalSetProperty( validDevices[i]->interfaceLayout, dilGenICam );
            // if this device offers a user defined acquisition start/stop behaviour
            // enable it as this allows finer control about the streaming behaviour
            conditionalSetProperty( validDevices[i]->acquisitionStartStopBehaviour, assbUser );
            validDevices[i]->open();
        }
        catch( const ImpactAcquireException& e )
        {
            // this e.g. might happen if the same device is already opened in another process...
            DbOutput( "An error occurred while opening the device %s(error code: %s)\n", validDevices[i]->serial.read().c_str(), ImpactAcquireException::getErrorCodeAsString( e.getErrorCode() ).c_str() );
            continue;
        }
 
        g_paramSets.push_back( new CaptureParameters( validDevices[i] ) );
        g_paramSets.back()->attachDisplay( &resultingImageDisplay );
    }
 
    if( g_paramSets.empty() )
    {
        DbOutput( "NO compatible device could be initialised. Unable to continue!\n" );
        return 0;
    }
 
    if( InitApp( hInstance, nCmdShow ) != DD_OK )
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
 
    memset( g_NullImage.getBuffer()->vpData, 0, g_NullImage.getBuffer()->iSize );
    SelectDevice( 0 );
 
    MSG msg;
    while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
    {
        TranslateMessage( &msg );
        DispatchMessage( &msg );
    }
 
    Cleanup( g_paramSets );
    return static_cast<int>( msg.wParam );
}